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Bangladesh Profile


Basic Facts

Official name	People’s Republic of Bangladesh

Capital	Dhaka

Area	147,570 sq km
	56,977 sq mi
	[ See also - Maps, Flag ]

People

Population	138,448,210 (2003 estimate)

Population growth
Population growth rate	2.06 percent (2003 estimate)

Projected population in 2025	204,538,715 (2025 estimate)

Projected population in 2050	279,955,405 (2050 estimate)

Population density	938 persons per sq km (2003 estimate)
	2,430 persons per sq mi (2003 estimate)

Urban/rural distribution
Share urban	26 percent (2001 estimate)

Share rural	74 percent (2001 estimate)

Largest cities, with population
Dhaka	3,368,940 (1991)

Chittagong	1,566,070 (1991)

Khulna	601,051 (1991)

Rajshahi	324,532 (1991)

Narayanganj	268,952 (1991)

Ethnic groups
Bengali	98 percent

Other	2 percent


Languages
Bangla (official), Urdu, English

Religious affiliations
Muslim	86 percent

Hindu	12 percent

Other	2 percent

Health and Education

Life expectancy
Total	61.3 years (2003 estimate)

Female	61.2 years (2003 estimate)

Male	61.5 years (2003 estimate)

Infant mortality rate	66 deaths per 1,000 live births (2003 estimate)

Population per physician	6,028 people (1999)

Population per hospital bed	3,279 people (1994)

Literacy rate
Total	43.1 percent (2003 estimate)

Female	31.8 percent (2003 estimate)

Male	53.9 percent (2003 estimate)

Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP)	2.3 percent (1999-2000)

Number of years of compulsory schooling	5 years (2000)

Number of students per teacher, primary school	59 students per teacher (1998-1999)


Government

Form of government	Republic

Head of state	President

Head of government	Prime Minister

Legislature	Unicameral legislature
	National Parliament: 300 members

Voting qualifications	Universal at age 18

Constitution	16 December 1972; suspended 1982-1986; numerous amendments

Highest court	Supreme Court

Armed forces
Total number of military personnel	137,000 (2001)

Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP)	1.4 percent (2001)

First-level political divisions	5 divisions


Economy

Gross domestic product (GDP, in U.S.$)	$46.7 billion (2001)

GDP per capita (U.S.$)	$350 (2001)

GDP by economic sector
Agriculture, forestry, fishing	23.3 percent (2001)

Industry	25.1 percent (2001)

Services	51.6 percent (2001)

Employment

Number of workers	70,792,946 (2001)

Workforce share of economic sector
Agriculture, forestry, fishing	63 percent (1996)

Industry	10 percent (1996)

Services	25 percent (1996)

Unemployment rate	1.9 percent (1997)

National budget (U.S.$)

Total revenue	4,152 million (1999)

Total expenditure	5,685 million (1999)

Monetary unit	1 taka (Tk), consisting of 100 paisa

Major trade partners for exports
United States, Germany, United Kingdom, France, and Netherlands

Major trade partners for imports
India, Japan, Singapore, China, and Hong Kong SAR

Energy, Communications, and Transportation

Electricity production
Electricity from thermal sources	93.70 percent (2001 estimate)

Electricity from hydroelectric sources	6.30 percent (2001 estimate)

Electricity from nuclear sources	0 percent (2001 estimate)

Electricity from geothermal, solar, and wind sources	0 percent (2001 estimate)

Number of radios per 1,000 people	50 (1997)

Number of telephones per 1,000 people	4 (2001)

Number of televisions per 1,000 people	7.4 (2000 estimate)

Number of Internet hosts per 10,000 people	0 (2000)

Daily newspaper circulation per 1,000 people	9 (1996)

Number of motor vehicles per 1,000 people	1 (1998)

Paved road as a share of total roads	10 percent (1999)


Sources

Basic Facts and People sections
Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org).


Health and Education section
Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and population per hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org).


Government section
Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government Web sites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data is from Military Balance.


Economy section
Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the latest Europa World Yearbook and various International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications.


Energy, Communication, and Transportation section
Electricity information is from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) database (www.eia.doe.gov). Radio, telephone, television, and newspaper information is from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Internet hosts, motor vehicles, and road data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org).


Note
Figures may not total 100 percent due to rounding.